Category Archives: DIY

Adventures in 3D Printing

The MakerGear M2 3D printer the KAOS lab ordered arrived last week. I am thoroughly impressed with the machine and how little fussing has been required to get decent prints out of it.

I’ve been pushing annotated pictures of our adventures with the M2 to a G+ album, because the auto-upload from my phone is too good to give up, even if the G+ album manager sucks. Take a look to get a taste of our massive new distraction.

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Shapeoko: Part 5

SH6-1
This was originally posted as Shapeoko: Part 6, because I apparently can’t count.

A while ago I ordered a 300W ER-11 DC spindle kit from China to install in my Shapeoko. I finally got to the post office yesterday (stupid recipient-must-be-present shipping) to pick it up, am impressed with the whole process. Most of this post is about the spindle, there is some more belt tensioner tinkering down at the bottom.

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Favorite Talks of 29C3

I’ve been watching the talks out of 29c3 as they become available online for the last couple days, and these are my favorites with comments. I’ve never come up with an excuse to actually go, but always find that it is the conference with the most things I am excited about every year, and end up watching more recorded sessions than I could have attended had I been present. The ones I picked below were both topics I found interesting and good presentations – there were a couple I hoped would be good but had talks that made me just give up and read the paper that I won’t mention here.

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Shapeoko: Part 4

I got some more time to work on my Shapeoko over the last few days, and now have mostly correct 3-axis motion. As before, details under the fold.

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Shapeoko: Part 3

Naturally, this post is a follow-on to Shapeoko: Part 1 and Shapeoko: Part 2. I’ve basically put the machine together now, and can move the X and Z axis around from the host computer, but still have to figure out belt attachments for the Y axis, and run the wiring in a sane way. I was holding up a microswitch to the various relevant spots for end-stops as I went, and everything but detecting the upper extreme of the Z axis should be easy. As in the last two posts, there is an assembly gallery under the fold.

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Shapeoko: Part 2

This continues from where I left off in my previous post Shapeoko: Part 1.

I alternated my Sunday afternoon/evening between tackling my grading backlog and building pieces of the Shapeoko. This pattern works well for tapping since they are both exceptionally tedious tasks, but in different ways. Gallery with captions below the fold:
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Shapeoko: Part 1

My Shapeoko kit arrived from Inventables while I was away at SC.

I’ve been trying to build myself a small CNC milling machine since 2009, and contemplating it for longer than that. It became clear that my original design, however educational, was a dead end sometime last year. I’d been idly watching the Shapeoko project for some time as it had similar aspirations to my design, and a couple months ago I was in a particularly mechanical mood when I saw that a batch had reached enough buyers to be produced, so I bought in for a mechanical kit to mount my existing electronics on.

The Shapeoko community is really excellent, and the kit was designed to be flexible, so I’m starting off with some suggested modifications – I’m using NEMA23 motors instead of the usual NEMA17 on the X and Y axis, because I already had some nice Lin Engineering 130 oz-in NEMA23 motors and the frame can fit them. I’m configuring for dual Y motors, which give more even force across the Y axis, and routing my belts on the outside of the frame, since I needed to buy different hardware for the NEMA23 motors anyway and this particular modification is widely recommended.

There is a gallery to document my first round of assembly below the fold (captions don’t display properly in the RSS feed).
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SC12 Impressions

I’ve got my pictures from the event up in an album in google’s cloud.

Here are the big, cool things I learned on the floor or at the various evening events:

  • Xeon Phi. Xeon Phi everywhere. Intel may have backed off on Larrabee, but the MIC descendants are proliferating quickly, and appear to actually be in use. They really are interesting parts – 60 node Linux x86 SMP box attached to a host system over PCI Express via a network-like interface. Somewhere between a tiny desk-side cluster and a GPU with a programming model you can actually use.
  • The population was much less male dominated than is typical for computing events. This is always a good thing.
  • The average age of attendees also seemed to be down by the better part of a decade.
  • The national labs losing their booths to the government-wide travel restrictions (apparently some folks went junketing in Vegas and it was that bad) changed the feel of the floor. Fewer, but longer and deeper conversations. More open layout, because many of the usual big constructed booths belong to the national labs. Users from the national labs hanging out at vendor’s booths. Not altogether a bad thing, but it was quite different.
  • ARM64 (aka aarch64, aka ARMv8). It is happening. It is odd (64KB pages, etc.). Large companies are being bet on it. We’re talking many billions of dollars, biggest bet since Itanium kind of big. The priority seems to be avoiding the Itanium mistakes, making sure the designs arrive promptly, and making sure software support is ready. Dell is talking quietly, Calxeda is gunning for it, Nvidia was showing (but only quietly) plans, AMD is being pointed to as a likely leader, and ARM was is sitting in their little 10×10 booth along one wall of the exhibit floor looking very pleased with themselves.
  • AMD is dying. The untimely (and vigorously denied) rumor that they hired J.P. Morgan to begin plans to sell part or all of themselves made it look even worse, but they had almost no presence on the floor, and scheduled a tiny booth next year.
  • We talked to a number of networking vendors making interesting things (free-air optical switching, multi-port Ethernet NICs, etc.). Infiniband is so good and so cheap (in a relative sense) for cluster applications right now that everyone else is hunting for an edge. This is a good thing for researchers.

There will be at least one more SC12 post later, when my cube of schwag arrives. The T-shirt harvest was great this year…

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Linux Future

Some time ago I came across yet another angry discussion[1] about systemd, and have been reading and thinking a great deal about the design of Systemd, and what it says about Linux. I’ve come to realize that the strife in the Linux community is because an active and well-funded group of developers who have been driving the direction of various core components are not building UNIX. They are building some other philosophically divergent system on top of the Linux kernel, with roughly the same relationship to UNIX as Plan9[2]. For convenience I’m going to call the non-UNIX environment they’re building FLOS for the remainder of this post (F since the FreeDesktop.org folks, and their backers in the Fedora project, are driving this, L for the Linux kernel, OS should be self-explanatory). I intend this term to be value-neutral[3].

To me, the core of a UNIX system is a philosophical matter. To quote Mike Gancarz’s The UNIX Philosophy from 1994, UNIX has 9 paramount precepts:

  1. Small is beautiful.
  2. Make each program do one thing well.
  3. Build a prototype as soon as possible.
  4. Choose portability over efficiency.
  5. Store data in flat text files.
  6. Use software leverage to your advantage.
  7. Use shell scripts to increase leverage and portability.
  8. Avoid captive user interfaces.
  9. Make every program a filter.

FLOS is a nearly diametrically opposed design, with design concepts like the following:

  • FLOS avoids scripts, and prefers to split tasks into compiled logic interacting with logic-less configuration files.
  • FLOS prioritizes ease of machine manipulablity over human manipulablity.
  • The components of FLOS communicate over D-Bus rather than sockets and pipes.
  • FLOS is built on a core of monolithic programs which attempt to synergisticly manage multiple complex components.
  • FLOS leverages features specific to Linux and ignores portability.
  • FLOS prefers tightly integrated components to generic solutions.

I’m not sure that this is a bad design, but it is most definitely not UNIX or anything like it. I’ve seen some fairly convincing arguments that the FLOS design philosophy has serious benefits, and there are decades of convincing arguments that abandoning the UNIX way is the path to ruin. Systemd is the big realization of the FLOS design, but many projects, especially FreeDesktop projects, have been working this way for some time. I’m going to pick out a couple examples and talk about them under the fold.

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As a fun aside to the previous post, there is a story my parents like to tell from my childhood, which generalizes the kind of permissive learning objects learning computers are an instance of. When I was very little, I … Continue reading

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